Abo turibo
“ Mu gushyiraho uburyo bwo kurangiza imirimo y’izi nkiko, Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi yateganyije uburyo bwo kurangiza imirimo y’izi nkiko zihariye butazatuma ubudahanwa bwongera guhabwa intebe. ”
Urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyizweho n’Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi yo ku italiki ya 22 Ukuboza 2010 kugirango ruzakomeze imirimo ya ngombwa y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda n’ Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya igihe zizaba zarangije inshingano zazo.
Ishyirwaho ry’uru Rwego ni intera ya ngombwa mu irangizwa ry’imirimo y’izi nkiko zombi. Ni urwego ruto cyane, ruzamara igihe gito kandi rukwiye, rugomba gukomeza “imirimo irebana n’ubutabera, uburenganzira n’inshingano n’imikorere ya ngombwa," ,” (Icyemezo cy’Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye 1966) y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, no gukomereza aho izi nkiko zombi zahagarikiye imirimo yazo.
Uru Rwego rugizwe n’amashami abiri. Ishami rimwe rirebana n’imirimo yakorwaga n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda kandi riri Arusha, Tanzania. Ryatangiye akazi karyo ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012. Irindi shami rifite icyicaro cyaryo i Lahe kandi ryatangiye akazi karyo ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2013, rikazakomeza imirimo yakorwaga n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya.
Mu minsi ya mbere y’itangira ry’akazi k’uru Rwego, hari igihe cy’inzibacyuho imirimo y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya izasa naho igongana, igihe izi nzego zizaba zirangiza urubanza urwo arirwo rwose cyangwa se ubujurire bwasigaye mu gihe hagitegerejwe itangizwa ry’amashami yombi ry’urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga.
Imirimo yihariye
Gushakisha no gucira imanza abagishakishwa batarafatwa
Guhiga, gufata no gucira imanza abantu icyenda bagishakishwa n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda nizo nshingano zibanze z’uru Rwego. Kugeza mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2012, abantu icyenda baregwa n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda kuba baragize uruhare muri jenoside mu Rwanda muri 1994 bari batarafatwa.
Mu ngingo ya 6 (3) ya sitati yarwo, uru Rwego ruzagira uburenganzira kuri aba bantu bakekwaho kuba baragize uruhare rukomeye mu byaha ndengakamere. Nk’uko iyi ngingo ibisaba, Porokireri w’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda yasabwe gushyikiriza u Rwanda amadosiye ya batandatu muri abo bantu bagishakishwa.
Fulgence Kayishema (idosiye yatanzwe kuri 22 Gashyantare 2012); Charles Sikubwabo (idosiye yatanzwe kuri 26 Werurwe 2012); Ladislas Ntaganzwa (idosiye yatanzwe ku italiki ya 8 Gicurasi 2012); Aloys Ndimbati (idosiye ye yatanzwe kuri 25 Kamena 2012); Charles Ryandikayo (idosiye yatanzwe kuri 20 Kamena 2012); Pheneas Munyarugarama (idosiye ye yatanzwe kuri 28 Kamena 2012).
Uru Rwego ruzakomeza gukurikirana mu butabera aba batatu bakurikira:
Augustin Bizimana; Félicien Kabuga; Protais Mpiranya.
Nyuma y’ifatwa ry’abantu babiri mu w’ 2011 aribo Ratko Mladić na Goran Hadžić bagashyikirizwa Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, ibyari biteganijwe gukorwa n’Urwego rw’Inkinko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga – harimo gucira imanza abari batarafatwa – bizarangizwa n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya.
Uko Ubujurire buzakorwa
Amashami yombi y’uru Rwego azakurikirana kandi arangize ubujurire bwose buzaba bwayashyikirijwe, burebana n’ikemurarubanza cyangwa se guhana bizayashyikirizwa nyuma y’itangira rya buri shami.
Ku birebana n’imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda zajuririwe ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012 cyangwa nyuma yaho, ubujurire buzasuzumwa n’uru Rwego. Ni nako bizagenda ku birebana n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, uru Rwego ruzakurikirana ubujurire bw’imanza zaciwe n’Urwo rukiko buzatangwa ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2013 cyangwa nyuma yaho.
Duhereye kuri ibi bivuzwe hejuru, ishami ry’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda ry’urwo Rwego, rizakurikirana ubujurire buzakurikira icibwa ry’imanza zirebana n’abakekwaho ibyaha batarafatwa, mu gihe ishami ry’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya rizakurikirana ubujurire ubwo aribwo bwose buzakulikira urubanza rwa Radovan Karadžić, Ratko Mladić na Goran Hadžić.
Gusubiramo imanza
Kongera kuburanisha abahamijwe icyaha n'Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda bitegetswe n’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012 cyangwa se nyuma yaho, bizakorwa n’uru Rwego.
Kongera kuburanisha abahamijwe icyaha n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya bitegetswe n’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire mu mezi atandatu cyangwa munsi yayo mbere y’itangira ry’imirimo y’ishami ry’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2013, bizakorwa n’uru Rwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga.
Isubiramo ry’imanza rizagenwa n’urugereko rw’Ubujurire rw’uru Rwego rizakorwa n’uru Rwego.
Imanza zo gusuzugura Urukiko no gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma
The MICT has the jurisdiction to conduct investigations, trials and appeals in cases of contempt of court and false testimony committed in the course of proceedings before the MICT.
This jurisdiction also extends to contempt cases arising from proceedings before the ICTR and ICTY for which the indictment is confirmed after the start date of the respective branch of the MICT.
Uko ugusubiramo igihano gisoza iburana bizakorwa
Haramutse habonetse ikimenyetso, kitari kizwi mu gihe imanza zaburanishwaga, kandi abacamanza bakacyemera ku bwiganze, kiramutse kigaragajwe, kikaba cyari gutuma baca urubanza ukundi, icyo gihe icyemezo kirebana n’igihano cyatanzwe cyasubirwamo.
Uru Rwego ruzashingwa imirimo y’isubirwamo ry’imanza zayo zose, kandi rukazanashingwa isubiramo ry’imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda hamwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya mu gihe hari ubisabye ku Italiki ruzatangiriraho cyangwa se nyuma yayo.
Imirimo yarwo yindi
Umutekano w’abakorewe ibyaha hamwe n’uw’abatangabuhamya
Ugukomeza inshingano zirebana no kwita ku mutekano w’abakorewe ibyaha ndetse n’abatangabuhamya bigomba kwitabwaho cyane. Kuva ku Italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012 ku birebana n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda no kuva ku Italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2013 ku birebana n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, Urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga ruzakora iyi mirimo mu manza ruzaba rwashyikirijwe, ndetse n’izarangijwe n’izi nkiko zombi z’uru Rwego. Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, zizakomeza zite ku mibungabungire y’umutekano w’abakorewe ibyaha n’uw’abatangabuhamya mu manza zigikomeza mu nkiko zombi.
Ukugenzura ko ibihano byatanzwe byubahirizwa
Abantu bakatiwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda cyangwa Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, ntibazangiriza igihano cyabo muri gereza z’izo nkiko zombi kuko atari gereza zabugenewe, ahubwo bazarangiriza ibihano byabo muri kimwe mu bihugu byasinye amasezerano arebana no gushyira mu bikorwa ibihano bizatangwa.
Kuva ku Iitaliki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012, ku birebana n’imanza z’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda no kuva ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2013 ku birebana n’imanza z’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, Urwego rw’inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga ruzagira uburenganzira bwo guhitamo ibihugu bizashyira mu bikorwa ibihano, harimo n’iby’abazaba bakatiwe n’izo nkiko zombi. Byongeye kandi, nyuma y’iyo taliki, Perezida w’uru Rwego azakulikirana irangiza ry’ibihano kandi afate icyemezo ku birebana no kubabarira cyangwa kugabanya igihano, hatibagiwe n’abakatiwe bari mu kurangiza ibihano byabo – uru ruhare rusanzwe rufitwe na ba Perezida b’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda hamwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya.
Gufasha Inkiko z’ibihugu
Kubera ko izi nkiko zombi Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga zizaba zirangiza manda zazo, abazaba bakurikiranwaho ibyaha bakoze mu Rwanda no mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya baziyongera. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubare w’inkiko, ba Porokireri n’abunganira ababurana byakomeje kwiyongera.
Kuva ku italiki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012 ku birebana n’ibyifuzo byo gufashwa byashyikirijwe Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, no kuva ku italiki 1 Nyakanga 2013 ku birebana n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, Urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga ruzatanga imfashanyo ikenewe yasabwe n’ubutegetsi bw’ibihugu (bitagarukiye ku Rwanda n’ icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya gusa), ku birebana n’iperereza rikorwa n’ibihugu, ba Porokireri ndetse n’imanza.
Ako kazi karimo gufasha inkiko z’ibihugu zizaba ziburanisha imanza, harimo no gutanga dosiye, gusaba ibimenyetso, no guhinduranya cyangwa guhagarika ibyemezo byo kurengera abatangabuhamya, cyangwa se gusubiza ibyifuzo bisaba uburenganzira bwo kubaza ibibazo abafunzwe.
Ukubumbatira no gucunga ibyanditswe by’UIMM, UMMRR, UMMRY
Uru Rwego ruzita ku kubika no gucunga inyandiko zose z’inkiko zombi. Izo nyandiko zirebana n’amaperereza, ibihano byatanzwe, n’uko imanza zaciwe, akazi karebana no gufunga kw’abashinjwa ibyaha, kurengera abatangabuhamya no kurangiza ibihano, n’imikoranire na za Leta, n’abandi bashinzwe gushyira mu bikorwa amategeko, imiryango ya za leta cyangwa se yigenga, na rubanda.
Inyandiko zibitswe zigizwe n’ibyanditswe, amakarita, amafoto, amajwi yafashwe n’ibindi bintu. Uru Rwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga ruzacunga izi nyandiko kandi rworohereze abantu bashaka kuzikoresha kandi rukomeze kubumbatira amabanga azikubiyemo.
Ishami rya Arusha ry’Urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rizacumbikira inyandiko z’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, zizagirwa n’impapuro hafi 900,000 by’inyandiko, amajwi, n’amashusho (videos) yafashwe mu minsi irenga 6,000 by’imanza, wongeyeho kandi n’amagambo yagiye avugwa, ndetse n’ibyemezo birenga 10 000 byafatiwe abakurikiranyweho ibyaha n’Urukiko. Naho inyandiko z’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya zizabikwa ku cyicaro cy’iri shami riri i Lahe.
Imiterere y’Urwego rw’Inkiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga
Uru Rwego rugizwe na Perezida uhoraho, Porokireri na Gerefiye, bakaba bashinzwe ayo mashami yombi.
Inteko y’abacamanza 25 izakora imirimo y’ingereko zombi z’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya. Mu gutora abacamanza hazibandwa cyane ku burambe ku kazi k’abakandida mu kazi bakoreye Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda cyangwa Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya. Abacamanza bazaza i Lahe igihe gusa bikenewe cyangwa se bisabwe na Perezida. Ariko igihe bishoboka, kandi byemejwe na Perezida, bazakora imirimo bashinzwe bari kure y’izi ngereko.
Ibiro bya Porokireri na Gerefiye bizagumana inteko y’abakozi b’inzobere, cyane cyane abazaba barakoranye n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda cyangwa se Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya, kugira ngo bibafashe kongera abakozi vuba bitewe n’uko hakenewe gukora imirimo yazo. Inteko y’abashinzwe kuvuganira ababurana izatuburwa kugirango imanza zicibwe mu buryo butabera.